Frequency of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in Women Presenting with Oligohydramnios

Abstract

Background: Oligohydramnios is an important obstetric condition that is associated with placental insufficiency and adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Pregnancy induced hypertension can be a factor in decreased uteroplacental perfusion and decrease in amniotic fluid. The purpose of the present study was to find out how often oligohydramnios is associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan for the period of 22 June 2021 to 22 December 2021. Non-probability consecutive sampling was used to collect 201 pregnant women aged 20-40 years with gestational age of 20-40 weeks, having oligohydramnios. Maternal hypertension was defined as blood pressure >140/90 mmHg after the 20th week of pregnancy in normotensive women. SPSS version 22 was used for the analysis of data.

Results: The mean maternal age was 28.7 ± 4.6 years and mean gestational age was 34.9 ± 3.2 weeks. A total of 54 (26.9%) women had pregnancy induced hypertension. Significantly higher in women of ≥30 years old and in women with BMI ≥30 kg/m².

Conclusions: Roughly 25% of oligohydramnios patients experienced pregnancy-induced hypertension. This high-risk population is recommended to have careful blood pressure assessment and maternal/fetal surveillance.

Keywords: Oligohydramnios; pregnancy-induced hypertension; gestational hypertension; amniotic fluid index; pregnancy; maternal hypertension.