Frequency of Secondary Infertility in Patients after Cesarean Section versus Normal Vaginal Delivery

Abstract

Background: Secondary infertility is a common issue in the reproductive age of a female. Various risk factors are involved in this disease including cesarean section.

Aim: The aim of this study was to find out the frequency of secondary infertility in patients after cesarean section versus normal vaginal delivery.

Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted DHQ Hospital, Lakki from January 2023 to June 2023 after taking approval from the research committee of the hospital. Women of reproductive aged (18-40) visited with complaints of secondary fertility were included.  A total of 202 individuals participated who were classified in to Group A (previous cesarean section) and Group B (previous vaginal delivery) with, each group had 101 individuals. The data was analyzed using SPSS 25.0.  

Results: A total of 202 individuals were enrolled in this study. Mean age of individuals in A group was 29.441 and B group was 28.8years. Mean infertility was 3.61.2 years in group A and 3.4 in group B. Secondary infertility was most prevalent in women who had history of cesarean sections 72(71.28%). Sonography  results revealed that using  trans-vaginal  ultrasound 54(53.4%) cases   had a  cesarean  scar  niche  in  Previous cesarean section group while no  cesarean  scar  was found in previous vaginal delivery Zero(0%)(p < 0.001). Participants who done Hysterosalpingography with previous vaginal delivery had more bilateral tubal patency 60(71.4%) compared to previous cesarean section 48 (49.48%).In contrast to vaginal delivery, the cesarean group experienced more fallopian tube obstruction, either bilaterally or unilaterally

Conclusion: Our study concluded that women with a previous Cesarean section had significantly high secondary infertility and cesarean scar defects compared to those with a previous vaginal delivery

Keyword: Cesarean section, secondary infertility, cesarean scar vaginal delivery