Abstract

Aim: To analyse the effect of vitamin D supplementation and sunlight exposure to myopia progressivity in junior high school students with glasses correction.

Study Design: Quasi Experiment with Pre-Post Test Control Group Design

Methods: eighty students, divided into 4 groups (X1: vitamin D supplementation, X2: sunlight exposure, X3: combination of supplementation and sunlight, X4: control). Difference tests among groups were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Kendall’s tau-b.

Result: There was an increase of 25-hydroxyvitamin D at all groups. But a significant difference was only in X3 (p <0.05). A decreased myopia degree after intervention occurred at all intervention groups both right and left eyes. While the significant differences in groups X2 and X3 for the right eye, and group X1, X2, and X3 for the left eye (p <0.05).There was significant association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and myopia progressive, with correlation value of X1 (ODS = 0.0001) X3 (OD = 0.046 OS = 0.004). There was a significantly strong negative association between a combination of supplementation and sunlight exposure with OD myopia progressivity (P <0.05).

Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation and sunlight exposure could increase serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, decrease myopia, and inhibit the progression of myopia.

Keywords: Vitamin D, sunlight, myopia, junior high students