Background: Bronchopneumoniabecomes, one of the infectious diseases, is causing mortality in under five-year children. One of the risk factors of pneumonia in under five-year children is nutritional status. One of the types of pneumonia is the inflammation occurred on the tip of the bronchioles.

Aim: This research aimed to observe the relation of nutritional status and bronchopneumonia among under five-year children.

Method: This research had been approved by the Research Ethics Committee in Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. This control case research was conducted in the Public Regional Hospital of Panembahan Senopati, Bantul Yogyakarta. The study used 86 respondents (under five-year children) aged 12 to 60 months suffering from bronchopneumonia and 86 respondents (under five-year children) with pneumonia with the same ages as the previous one. The respondents were found using the random sampling technique listed in this research. The data were collected from the secondary data from the medical record.

Results: The chi-square statistical test result showed that the under five-year children with the malnutrition had three times higher risk of suffering bronchopneumonia than those with good nutritional status (p-value: 0.001 and 95% CI: 1611-5.578).

Keywords: Nutritional Status, Bronchopneumonia, Under Five-Year Children