ABSTRACT

Aim: To observe the gross anatomical placental anomalies at the time of delivery associated with maternal anemia, diabetes and hypertension.

Study design: It was a cross sectional study.

Place and duration of study: The study was carried out for a period of one and half year from September 2018 to February 2020 at Pak Red Crescent Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Dina Nath, Multan Road, Kasur.

Methods: Written informed consent was taken from all participants. Maternal characteristics like age, mode of delivery and risk factors such as hypertension, anemia and diabetes were recorded. All placentas were obtained either by vaginal route or by caesarean section. The placentas were found normal if the weight was upto 470g, width 2.5cm, diameter 22cm, cord length 5.5-6cm & centrally placed, cord attachment centrally attached and with dark maroon color. Data was collected through questionnaire, which was entered and statistically analyzed using SPSS 24.0.

Results: The mean age of the mothers was 28.96+6.77 years. Most of the mothers (58.5%) had history of anemia, followed by hypertension (53.5%) and diabetes mellitus (15.5%). Among mothers, 9% mothers (18) were found with placental and cord abnormalities. Placental anomalies were found statistically significant with hypertension and diabetes.

Conclusion: Study concluded that gross anatomical placental anomalies were associated with maternal diabetes and hypertension.

Keywords: Placental anomalies, delivery, anemia, diabetes, hypertension