Association of folic Acid deficiency with Central Nervous System Anomalies, Anencephaly, Spina bifida and Hydrocephalous Diagnosed by Ultrasonography during Embryonic and Fetal period
Riasat Ali Nahra, Areeba Riasat Nahra, Noor ul Mobeen, Arif Gulzar, Hafsa Riasat, Ali Zafar
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ABSTRACT
Aim: To see
central nervous system anomaly during pregnancy (anencephaly, hydrocephalus and
spina bifida) by ultrasonography associated with folic acid deficiency/ low
intake.
Study design: cross sectional
Site and duration: one year from Jan 2021 to Dec
2021 at Pak Red Crescent Medical & Dental College and teaching Hospital
Dina Nath Multan Road Kasur.
Method: There
was convenient sampling. Written Consent was taken from mothers for
participation in study. Pregnant mothers were examined by ultrasonography and color
Doppler Machine. Designated proforma was filled by taking history of pregnant
mother.
Results: The
mean age of mothers was 25.oo + 5.00. Most of mothers were in 3rd
trimester and Gravida 2. In eleven percent cases CNS anomalies were seen among
these 6% were anencephaly and 5% were Spina bifida and hydrocephalus.
Conclusion:
Central nervous system anomalies were found associated with folic acid low
intake by mothers during pregnancy.
Keywords: Anencephaly, Hydrocephalus, Spina bifida, Folic acid intake, Ultrasonography.