Effect of Parenting Style on Adolescent Depression
Anum Fatima, Muhammad Munir Ahmed, Jazib Munir Slatch, Izna Munir Slatch
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ABSTRACT
Background: Parenting style refers to the
attitudes and behaviors of parents toward their children and an emotional environment
in which the parents’ behaviors are expressed. Behavioral problems including
externalizing and internalizing problems are amongst the most common mental
health issues. Thus, to prevent the development of depression, it is necessary
to understand the parenting styles.
Objective: To determine the parenting style of parents of
depressed adolescents.
Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: Child & Adolescent
Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi from 31st
January to 31st July 2020.
Methodology: One hundred and fifty adolescents were enrolled.
The presence of depression in adolescent patients was assessed by using the
Hamilton Scale for Depression (HAM-D). For parenting style, the adolescent
patients were asked to answer the Parental Authority Questionnaire.
Results: Mean
age was 15.90±2.82 years. 53 (35.3%) were male adolescents and 97 (64.7%) were
female adolescents. Twenty two (14.7%), 75 (50%) and 53 (35.3%) patients had
mild, moderate and severe depression. Eighty five (56.7%), 50 (33.3%) and 15
(10%) had authoritarian, permissive and authoritative parenting style
respectively.
Conclusion: The study reveals strong relation
between depression and impaired parenting and emphasizes that parents should
have warm and nurturing relationship with their children as it provides
protection against the development of depression in adolescents.
Keywords: Depression, Adolescents,
Parenting style, Authoritarian, Permissive and authoritative parenting style