Background and Objectives: The intention of this study was to compare the histopathological features of helicobacter pylori positive gastritis (HPPG) and helicobacter pylori negative gastritis (HPNG) reported at Department of Pathology, Sahiwal Medical College & Allied Hospitals, Sahiwal, Pakistan. 

Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Histopathology Section, Department of Pathology, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. It included all the gastritis cases proven on histopathology on endoscopic biopsies sent from Gastroenterology Department GHAQTH Sahiwal from January 2020 to December 2020. HPPG and HPNG cases were sorted and the data was analyzed with help of SPSS version 20.  Chi-square test was used to find p-value and the value of p <0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: In all 95 cases of gastritis were identified out of which 75.8% were HPPG and 24.2% were HPNG. More than 90% of HPPG had moderate and severe chronic inflammation in the biopsies as compared to only 17% in cases of HPNG and the difference was significant statistically (p < 0.00001). About 98% cases of HPPG showed activity as compared to 8.7% cases of HPNG and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.00001). Lymphoid follicles were seen in  biopsies of 34.7% cases of HPPG while this feature was absent in all HPNG cases and this difference was statistically significant (p= 0.00994). No statistically significant variance was found in relation to age group, gender, location of biopsy and intestinal metaplasia in our study.

Conclusion: HPPG more frequently shows moderate/severe chronic inflammation, activity and lymphoid follicles in endoscopic biopsies as compared to HPNG. Our data, first of its kind from Sahiwal, is in accordance with the available literature.

Keywords:  Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, endoscopic biopsy, histopathology.