Subclinical Target Damage of Organ and Creatinine Clearance in Patients with Primary Hypertension
Ahsan Ayub, Hammad Ur Rehman Bhatti, Muhammad Farooq, Aftab Rabbani4, Muhammad Ayyaz
978
ABSTRACT
Background: In
spite of the broadly documented risk-factors of uncontrolled hypertension, this
ailment is still not cured in most patients. This may be due largely to the symptomless
disease nature in the initial 15-20 years, also with progressive damage to the
cardio-vascular system. Therefore, the valuation of target damage of organs due
to hypertension subclinically is an important procedure for diagnosis of risk-factors
stratification in patients with hypertension. The aim of this study is to
determine the subclinical target damage of organ among patients with primary
hypertension
Study Design: A prospective case-control study.
Methods: A
total of 120 patients were included in this study. Patients with >60
creatinine clearance rate were taken as controls and < 60 creatinine
clearance rate as the case group. The 2 groups were made of equal patients 60
in each group. The Cockcroft-Gault formula was applied for determination of
renal function and echocardiography was used for valuation of Left ventricular
hypertrophy. Direct ophthalmoscopy was done in all patients to assess the retinal
vascular changes. Urine microalbumin was evaluated from the morning spot
sample.
Results: 120
total patients were included in this study. There were 55 males and 65 females.
52.50 ± 8.61 years was the mean age in the control group and in the case group
it was 62.20 ± 7.99 years. The incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy with
CCR <60 was 23.3% and 48.3% in patients with CCR >60 (p = 0.001). The
incidence of microalbuminuria in this analysis was 41.6% in the case group (p =
0.004) and it was 16.7% in the control group. Of the 120 patients in the study,
65 (54.2%) were taking medications for hypertension while 73.3% of the patients
in the control group were using drugs for hypertension, the proportion of
patients using antihypertensive drugs was 63.7%. Blood pressure was controlled
in only 25.8% of the cases taking antihypertensive drugs
Conclusions: The obtained outcomes indicate that decreased clearance of creatinine
and / or the existence of microalbuminuria is indication of subclinical damage
of organ and taken as a marker among individuals with essential hypertension
and standard creatinine clearance, independent of BP burden and additional risk
factors.
Keywords: Target organ damage, primary hypertension,
subclinical and creatinine clearance.
ABSTRACT
Background: In
spite of the broadly documented risk-factors of uncontrolled hypertension, this
ailment is still not cured in most patients. This may be due largely to the symptomless
disease nature in the initial 15-20 years, also with progressive damage to the
cardio-vascular system. Therefore, the valuation of target damage of organs due
to hypertension subclinically is an important procedure for diagnosis of risk-factors
stratification in patients with hypertension. The aim of this study is to
determine the subclinical target damage of organ among patients with primary
hypertension
Study Design: A prospective case-control study.
Methods: A
total of 120 patients were included in this study. Patients with >60
creatinine clearance rate were taken as controls and < 60 creatinine
clearance rate as the case group. The 2 groups were made of equal patients 60
in each group. The Cockcroft-Gault formula was applied for determination of
renal function and echocardiography was used for valuation of Left ventricular
hypertrophy. Direct ophthalmoscopy was done in all patients to assess the retinal
vascular changes. Urine microalbumin was evaluated from the morning spot
sample.
Results: 120
total patients were included in this study. There were 55 males and 65 females.
52.50 ± 8.61 years was the mean age in the control group and in the case group
it was 62.20 ± 7.99 years. The incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy with
CCR <60 was 23.3% and 48.3% in patients with CCR >60 (p = 0.001). The
incidence of microalbuminuria in this analysis was 41.6% in the case group (p =
0.004) and it was 16.7% in the control group. Of the 120 patients in the study,
65 (54.2%) were taking medications for hypertension while 73.3% of the patients
in the control group were using drugs for hypertension, the proportion of
patients using antihypertensive drugs was 63.7%. Blood pressure was controlled
in only 25.8% of the cases taking antihypertensive drugs
Conclusions: The obtained outcomes indicate that decreased clearance of creatinine
and / or the existence of microalbuminuria is indication of subclinical damage
of organ and taken as a marker among individuals with essential hypertension
and standard creatinine clearance, independent of BP burden and additional risk
factors.
Keywords: Target organ damage, primary hypertension,
subclinical and creatinine clearance.