Detection of Anti-Erythropoietin Antibodies in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Undergoing Hemodialysis
Sadia Farhad, Inam-U-Llah, K. Suresh Babu, Sidra Wali, Bushra Tahreem, Izba Amjad, Sana Khalid, Fares Mohammed Saeed Muthanna
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ABSTRACT
Background: Erythropoietin, a
hormone produced by the kidney, activates the bone marrow upon demand.
Recombinant erythropoietin can be subcutaneously injected to maintain red blood
cell counts in chronic renal failure patients. Some time being recognized as
foreign antigens, the patient occasionally produces antibodies against
erythropoietin. Objective of current study was to investigate the existence of
Anti-Erythropoietin Antibodies in Chronic
Renal Failure (CRF) affected individuals during hemodialysis.
Methods: The current study was
performed at the Pathology Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar,
Pakistan. After the assent of ethical committee, data collection was initiated
to carry out the study. All the patients filled the informed consent proforma. The
blood sample was collected in two EDTA and Gel tubes for complete blood count
and for anti-EPO-antibodies respectively. ELISA tests for anti-EPO antibodies
were performed on all patients who were classified into two groups based on
whether antibodies were present or not. The data was analyzed using SPSS
version 25.0.
Results:
In
this study, 150 patients suffering from Chronic Kidney Disease on dialysis were
included in which 79 (52.7%) were males. Moreover, age-wise group 41-60 years
(n=93, 62%) were more suffering as compared to age group 21-40 years (n=24,
16%). In our study, hypertension was found to be a leading cause of death for
65(43.3%), diabetes 32(21.3%), hypertension and diabetes mellitus 10(6.7%), and
miscellaneous accounted for 28.7%. There were 56(37.3%) patients who received
dialysis twice a week, and 94 patients (62.6%) received it three times a week. Patients
had transfusion history were 136(90.7%), while 92 (61.3%) patients were found
to have anti-EPO antibodies. Conclusion: Anti-EPO antibodies are
frequently demonstrated in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Due to
the lack of correlation between antibody levels and Hb or reticulocyte counts,
these antibodies might not be neutralizing antibodies.
Keywords: Anti-EPO antibodies,
Chronic Renal Failure, Hypertension, Peshawar.
ABSTRACT
Background: Erythropoietin, a
hormone produced by the kidney, activates the bone marrow upon demand.
Recombinant erythropoietin can be subcutaneously injected to maintain red blood
cell counts in chronic renal failure patients. Some time being recognized as
foreign antigens, the patient occasionally produces antibodies against
erythropoietin. Objective of current study was to investigate the existence of
Anti-Erythropoietin Antibodies in Chronic
Renal Failure (CRF) affected individuals during hemodialysis.
Methods: The current study was
performed at the Pathology Department, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar,
Pakistan. After the assent of ethical committee, data collection was initiated
to carry out the study. All the patients filled the informed consent proforma. The
blood sample was collected in two EDTA and Gel tubes for complete blood count
and for anti-EPO-antibodies respectively. ELISA tests for anti-EPO antibodies
were performed on all patients who were classified into two groups based on
whether antibodies were present or not. The data was analyzed using SPSS
version 25.0.
Results:
In
this study, 150 patients suffering from Chronic Kidney Disease on dialysis were
included in which 79 (52.7%) were males. Moreover, age-wise group 41-60 years
(n=93, 62%) were more suffering as compared to age group 21-40 years (n=24,
16%). In our study, hypertension was found to be a leading cause of death for
65(43.3%), diabetes 32(21.3%), hypertension and diabetes mellitus 10(6.7%), and
miscellaneous accounted for 28.7%. There were 56(37.3%) patients who received
dialysis twice a week, and 94 patients (62.6%) received it three times a week. Patients
had transfusion history were 136(90.7%), while 92 (61.3%) patients were found
to have anti-EPO antibodies. Conclusion: Anti-EPO antibodies are
frequently demonstrated in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Due to
the lack of correlation between antibody levels and Hb or reticulocyte counts,
these antibodies might not be neutralizing antibodies.
Keywords: Anti-EPO antibodies,
Chronic Renal Failure, Hypertension, Peshawar.