Aim: Relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methodology: Study duration: November 2020 to April 2021

Sampling technique: A case-control study

Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar

It included 30 adult newly identified sputum-quality pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy cases as controls. All cases had undergone a thorough medical examination and repeated laboratory tests, including vitamin D, calcium, and sputum for AFB and X-ray chest.

Results: Majority were males (88%). In the Study group, BMI decreased significantly i.e. 19.0 vs 23.5. Serum vitamin D concentrations were significantly lower in the tuberculosis group i.e. 17.9ng/dl than in the control group 24.8ng/dl. Mean of serum albumin in the control group was 3.9 ng/dl whereas 2.9 ng/dl in the study group.

Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D was associated with more severe medical symptoms, increased sputum smear positivity and large lesions on chest radiographs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Sputum