ABSTRACT

Aim: To examine the prevalence of urological carcinomas and causes of gross haematuria.

Study Design: Prospective study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Urology, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Teaching Hospital Sukkur from 1st January 2019 to 30th June 2020.

Methodology: Two hundred and thirty five patients of both genders with ages above 10 years presented with blood in urine were enrolled in this study. Patients detailed demographic including age, sex, residence and socio-economic status were recorded. Urine routine examination and urine cytology and microscopy were done to examine haematuria for excluding malignant cells. Patients were followed by ultrasound, X-ray kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB), computerized tomography (CT) scan and cystoscopy when requires. Causes of gross haematuria and frequency of urological carcinomas were recorded.

Results: There were 190 (80.85%) were males while 45 (19.15%) were females. Majority of patients 110 (46.81%) were ages 40 to 50 years. Urinary tract infection was the most frequent cause found in 58 (24.68%) patients followed by trauma and urolithiasis in 51 (21.7%) and 40 (17.02%) patients. Urological carcinomas were found in 38 (16.17%) patients.

Conclusion: Frequency of urological carcinomas was high. Urinary tract infection and trauma were the most frequent causes of gross haematuria.

Keywords: Gross haematuria, Urological carcinoma, Urinary tract infection, Trauma, Urolithiasis