Erdal Bal, Nedim Malkoç


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ABSTRACT

Background: Sports organizations are important for their promotion on the physical, economic, and socio-cultural changes and transformations in space and urban fabric.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the quality levels of sports activities in Istanbul and Kocaeli as perceived by people living in these two provinces.

Methods: 519 people, 289 residing in Istanbul and 230 residing in Kocaeli, were included in the study. 53.2% of these are female and 46.8% are male. The questionnaire consists of two parts. First section consists of a 10-item questionnaire for demographic information of individuals created by the researcher, while the second part includes 25-question, four-dimensional scale named Inventory of Perceived Quality and Image at Sport Organization Scale (IPQISO).

Results: Results show that the male participants had higher scores than female participants (p=0,002), participants with good economic status had higher scores than others, and the scores of athletes participating in sports activities were higher than others’ (p<0,001).

Conclusion: Consequently, participants living in Istanbul province had higher scores in quality perception than those living in Kocaeli and the difference was statistically significant (p<0,011).

Keywords: Global phenomenon, International conflicts, New world order, Professional sports activities, Urban landscape



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