Background: Gingival hyperplasia is a disease that occurs as a to response to various stimuli as well as different host-environment interactions.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methodology: Patients (n=100) receiving orthodontic treatment enrolled at orthodontic clinic, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The patients were informed and consent was taken. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 22. The distribution of the all-quantitative values of variables of samples were examined with descriptive statistics (chi square) and also frequency tables for other demographic variables among samples. Significant p-value was of ≤0.05.

Results: Among 100 enrolled patients, 74 showed varying grades of gingival hyperplasia while 26 had no sign of gingival hyperplasia. Chi-square analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between gingival hyperplasia and plaque presence, age, employment status and length of the treatment.

Conclusion: The accumulation of plaque showed statistically significant increase in gingival hyperplasia during orthodontic treatment. Hence, patients should maintain good periodontal health before and during orthodontic treatment in-order to minimize this issue.

Keywords: Gingival Hyperplasia, Orthodontic Treatment and Plaque Accumulation