An Adjuvant Treatment of Melatonin Prevented the Elevation of Leukocyte Count and the Decrease of Platelet Count in Wistar Rats Endotoxicosis Model
Satrio Adi Wicaksono, Dini Ayu Harisiani, Rizqi Indah Riani, Sulistiyati Bayu Utami
705
ABSTRACT
Background:: Sepsis causes systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that effects on coagulation
cascade, tissue
hypoxia, leukocyte and the platelet count. Melatonin is thought to ameliorate immune
response, cytoprotective process, and resist bacterial, viral, and parasites
infections through immunomodulations and antioxidant activities. Melatonin decreases
the levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial
dysfunction, however its role for sepsis therapy still need further
investigation.
Aim:
To observe the effect of melatonin with and without Polymyxin B on the leukocyte
and platelet count in Wistar rats endotoxicosis model.
Methods:
This
was animal experimental study with
randomized control design. There were twenty four male Wistar rats that were intraperitoneally
injected with 2 mg lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) per 200 grams rats and randomly
divided
into four groups, i.e. control group receiving placebo,
melatonin only group, Polymyxin B only
group, and combination group (receiving melatonin and Polymyxin B). The
effects of oral melatonin and Polymyxin B treatments on leukocyte and platelet count were investigated from the retro-orbital
blood vessel sampling in baseline (B), 6 hours
after intraperitoneally LPS injection (T0), 1 hour (T1) and 2 hours after
melatonin administration (T2). The mean differences of leukocyte
and platelet count were analyzed with Student's t-test.
Results:
There
were no significant differences
in leukocyte and platelet count between
control group, melatonin only group, Polymyxin
B only group, and combination group in B and T0. In T1, there were significantly lower leukocyte count in
melatonin only group (11,400 ± 3,200/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only
group (10,300±1,200/mm3) or in combination group (9,900 ± 1,200/mm3)
compared to control group (13,900±1,300/mm3, p<0.05). In T2, there were significantly lower leukocyte count
in melatonin group (12,500±2,700/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only group
(10,400±1,500/mm3) or in combination group (9,850±1,100/mm3)
compared to control group (15,700±1,500/mm3, p<0.05). In T1, there were significantly higher platelet count
in melatonin only group (167,500±71,500/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only
group (175,900±72,300/mm3) or in combination group
(178,500±52,100/mm3) compared to control group (148,100±62,800/mm3,
p<0.05). In T2, there were
significantly higher pletelet count in melatonin group (149,900 ± 61,600/mm3)
or in Polymyxin B only group (158,600 ± 51,500/mm3) or in
combination group (162,500 ± 51,100/mm3) compared to control group (125,600
± 51,200/mm3, p<0.05).
Conclusion:
Melatonin
and Polymyxin B administration, alone or in combination, could
prevent the elevation of leukocyte count and the decreased of platelet count in Wistar rats endotoxicosis model. Therefore, if
confirmed by further research, melatonin is promising in the management of
endotoxicosis.
Keywords: Endotoxicosis,
leukocyte count, platelet
count, melatonin,
lipopolysaccharide
ABSTRACT
Background:: Sepsis causes systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that effects on coagulation
cascade, tissue
hypoxia, leukocyte and the platelet count. Melatonin is thought to ameliorate immune
response, cytoprotective process, and resist bacterial, viral, and parasites
infections through immunomodulations and antioxidant activities. Melatonin decreases
the levels of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial
dysfunction, however its role for sepsis therapy still need further
investigation.
Aim:
To observe the effect of melatonin with and without Polymyxin B on the leukocyte
and platelet count in Wistar rats endotoxicosis model.
Methods:
This
was animal experimental study with
randomized control design. There were twenty four male Wistar rats that were intraperitoneally
injected with 2 mg lipopolysaccharide
(LPS) per 200 grams rats and randomly
divided
into four groups, i.e. control group receiving placebo,
melatonin only group, Polymyxin B only
group, and combination group (receiving melatonin and Polymyxin B). The
effects of oral melatonin and Polymyxin B treatments on leukocyte and platelet count were investigated from the retro-orbital
blood vessel sampling in baseline (B), 6 hours
after intraperitoneally LPS injection (T0), 1 hour (T1) and 2 hours after
melatonin administration (T2). The mean differences of leukocyte
and platelet count were analyzed with Student's t-test.
Results:
There
were no significant differences
in leukocyte and platelet count between
control group, melatonin only group, Polymyxin
B only group, and combination group in B and T0. In T1, there were significantly lower leukocyte count in
melatonin only group (11,400 ± 3,200/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only
group (10,300±1,200/mm3) or in combination group (9,900 ± 1,200/mm3)
compared to control group (13,900±1,300/mm3, p<0.05). In T2, there were significantly lower leukocyte count
in melatonin group (12,500±2,700/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only group
(10,400±1,500/mm3) or in combination group (9,850±1,100/mm3)
compared to control group (15,700±1,500/mm3, p<0.05). In T1, there were significantly higher platelet count
in melatonin only group (167,500±71,500/mm3) or in Polymyxin B only
group (175,900±72,300/mm3) or in combination group
(178,500±52,100/mm3) compared to control group (148,100±62,800/mm3,
p<0.05). In T2, there were
significantly higher pletelet count in melatonin group (149,900 ± 61,600/mm3)
or in Polymyxin B only group (158,600 ± 51,500/mm3) or in
combination group (162,500 ± 51,100/mm3) compared to control group (125,600
± 51,200/mm3, p<0.05).
Conclusion:
Melatonin
and Polymyxin B administration, alone or in combination, could
prevent the elevation of leukocyte count and the decreased of platelet count in Wistar rats endotoxicosis model. Therefore, if
confirmed by further research, melatonin is promising in the management of
endotoxicosis.
Keywords: Endotoxicosis,
leukocyte count, platelet
count, melatonin,
lipopolysaccharide